The Supreme Court has issued a notice to the Central government in response to a petition filed by Anita Pfaff, the octogenarian daughter of Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose. The notice was issued on August 11, during a session led by Chief Justice of India Surya Kant and Justices Joymalya Bagchi and V Mohana. Pfaff seeks to compel the government to return her father’s ashes, which are currently located at the Renkoji temple in Japan.

Pfaff’s legal representation includes senior advocate Abhishek Amani Singhvi, who argued the case in front of the bench. The petition alleges a prolonged indecision by the Indian government regarding the repatriation of the mortal remains attributed to Netaji, preserved at the temple since 1945. The legal pursuit aims to facilitate a resolution to this long-standing issue.

Call for Dignified Last Rites

In her petition, Anita Pfaff contends that the ashes should be returned to India for appropriate and dignified final rites. She emphasised that as the only direct living descendant of Netaji, it is her right to perform these last rites with respect. The petition highlights Pfaff’s ongoing appeals to the Indian government to expedite action on this matter, which she describes as a long “exile” for her father.

Pfaff has consistently argued that the return of the ashes is not only a matter of personal significance but also of national importance. She believes that the repatriation should mark the end of an enduring wait for a revered figure in Indian history. This appeal has gained renewed attention, particularly as the anniversary of Netaji’s birth approaches.

On January 23, 2026, which marks Netaji’s 129th birth anniversary, Anita Pfaff expressed her hope once again for the Indian government’s intervention. She has previously reached out to Prime Minister Narendra Modi regarding this issue, seeking decisive governmental action to facilitate the return of her father’s ashes.

Historical Context and Ongoing Efforts

Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose is a significant figure in India’s history, known for his efforts in the struggle for independence against British rule. His legacy remains deeply ingrained in the national consciousness, making the aspect of his ashes a matter of public interest. Over the years, various attempts have been made to repatriate his remains, but these efforts have yet to yield results.

The ashes of Netaji have remained in Japan since 1945, when he is believed to have died in a plane crash. The Renkoji temple, where they are preserved, holds considerable sentimental value for many Indians. This has prompted continuous dialogues regarding the need for their return, raising questions about national honour, respect, and the final chapters of historical figures.

Anita Pfaff’s ongoing campaign has brought renewed scrutiny to the issue, particularly within the legal and political frameworks in India. Her commitment to this cause illustrates the personal and emotional dimensions surrounding the historic figure, while also spotlighting the responsibilities of the Indian government towards its citizens and their legacies.

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