The ongoing demolition initiative in Delhi’s Yamuna floodplain targets illegal constructions and has raised significant concern among local residents. Authorities have identified 94 colonies that fall under the “O-Zone,” an area where both residential and commercial developments are prohibited as per the Delhi Master Plan 2021. This move comes in response to repeated directives from the Delhi High Court and the National Green Tribunal (NGT) regarding encroachments in this environmentally sensitive zone.

Nearly 15 lakh homes across these identified colonies are at risk of demolition should enforcement of regulations intensify. The O-Zone encompasses approximately 20 to 22 kilometres, stretching from Wazirabad to Okhla, and includes areas such as Jharoda, Sangam Vihar, and Wazirabad, among others. Authorities have erected signage to alert residents of the restrictions, which has contributed to heightened anxiety regarding potential actions against their properties.

The O-Zone is segmented into two distinct categories: the Green Zone and the Red Zone. This classification aims to promote flood control, environmental protection, biodiversity conservation, and pollution reduction in the Yamuna river area.

Restrictions Under the Master Plan

The Master Plan specifically prohibits all types of construction, settlement development, and residential activities within the O-Zone, deeming them illegal. On April 30, the Delhi Development Authority (DDA) issued a public notice citing a specific order from the Delhi High Court and announced a concerted effort to remove encroachments in this region. The notice stipulated that authorities would take action against all unauthorised structures, except for those under the PM-UDAY scheme, urging residents to vacate voluntarily to avoid demolition.

The DDA’s communication also addressed rehabilitation plans for affected families, identifying nearby night shelters in Batla House and Sarai Kale Khan as temporary accommodation options. This notification aimed to assure residents of their welfare, while also underscoring the seriousness of the situation regarding illegal constructions in the O-Zone.

Despite these assurances, local residents have expressed apprehensions about the lack of comprehensive rehabilitation plans, especially in light of the impending demolition efforts. The absence of clear guidance from authorities has left residents uncertain about their future.

Government Justifies Demolition Measures

The government has consistently cited the increasing encroachments along the Yamuna riverfront as a primary justification for these enforcement actions. They argue that the NGT had already mandated the DDA to address illegal structures in the floodplain, which has led to multiple anti-encroachment drives over recent years. Officials maintain that these measures are essential to ensure the safety of the environment and the public, particularly during the monsoon season when flooding poses substantial risks.

Residents of Yamuna Bazar, an area particularly threatened by flooding, have been increasingly vocal about their concerns since receiving notices regarding potential demolitions. Official figures indicate that this locality comprises 32 ghats and approximately 310 residential structures, housing around 1,100 residents. The government considers this area highly susceptible to flooding, highlighting significant inundations experienced during 2023 and 2025.

The Delhi government continues to reaffirm its commitment to keeping the Yamuna floodplain clear of encroachments, emphasising its importance for both environmental integrity and public safety. As the situation evolves, further actions against unauthorised constructions in these areas will occur in accordance with established regulations and guidelines.

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