The Consulate General of Israel in Mumbai has officially declared plans to erect a statue of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj in Israel. This announcement coincides with Shivrajyabhishek Din, commemorating the coronation of Shivaji, which occurred over three and a half centuries ago on June 6, 1674. Maharashtra’s Chief Minister, Devendra Fadnavis, expressed pride in this initiative, highlighting its significance in fortifying ties between India and Israel.

Israel’s Consul General in Mumbai, Yaniv Revach, indicated that the statue would serve as a meaningful symbol of the affiliations between the two nations. Revach noted the relevance of Shivaji’s legacy in the context of the Indian Jewish community, especially the Bene Israelis, whose history in India remarkably coincides with the rise of the Maratha Empire.

The Bene Israelis are one of India’s oldest Jewish communities, believed to have migrated to the region over two millennia ago. This historical link to the Maratha Empire is being illuminated through the statue’s installation, bringing attention to a collaboration between disparate yet intertwined histories.

Historical Context of the Bene Israeli Community

The Bene Israelis reportedly émigrated to India after facing persecution in Galilee around the early 2nd century BCE. According to HS Kehimkar’s writings, they arrived at India’s western coast after a shipwreck near present-day Mumbai. Comprising seven men and seven women, they settled in the Konkan region, gradually assimilating into local society while maintaining their Jewish identity.

In Maharashtra, members of this community engaged in varied professions, predominantly oil pressing and grocery trading, adhering to their observance of the Jewish Sabbath. Their unique practices earned them the nickname “Shanivar Telis” due to their Saturday rest, contrasting with local Hindu and Muslim oil pressers who observed days specific to their religions.

The Bene Israeli community shaped a distinct Indian Jewish cultural identity, embracing local languages and customs while upholding their religious beliefs. Their contribution to the social fabric of Maharashtra persists to this day through traditions passed down through generations.

Bene Israel’s Role in the Maratha Military

An often-overlooked aspect of the Bene Israeli community’s history involves their association with the Maratha Empire. During Shivaji Maharaj’s reign, members of this community, recognised for their military skills, actively contributed to the Maratha forces. Shivaji incorporated Bene Israelis into his army, acknowledging their capabilities during a tumultuous period that witnessed challenges to Mughal rule.

Research indicates a long-standing tradition of military service among the Bene Israelis, who participated in various regional armies, including those allied with the Maratha state. This martial reputation led to notable roles within Shivaji’s military, further solidifying the community’s integration into India’s historical narrative.

Scholars have documented Bene Israel participation spanning pre-colonial and colonial periods, showcasing their involvement in multiple military campaigns under British and native forces. This extensive history underscores the community’s resilience and adaptability in various sociopolitical climates.

Contemporary Significance and Community Legacy

The installation of the Shivaji statue emerges not only as an homage to historic achievements but also as a testament to the enduring relationship between Israel and India, especially in preserving shared histories. Bene Israelis in Israel today number approximately 50,000 and have successfully integrated into Israeli society while preserving their unique Indian heritage.

Despite a dramatic decline in their numbers in India, approximately 4,000 Bene Israelis still maintain a presence in cities like Mumbai and Thane. Their legacy is reflected in cultural institutions and religious sites that stand as poignant reminders of a rich historical journey.

The endeavour to honour Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj resonates deeply with the Bene Israeli community, symbolising a tribute to a ruler revered not only in Maharashtra but also in the broader context of India’s multicultural heritage.

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