Prisons are meant to reform offenders, but all too often, they morph into breeding grounds for criminal networks. From smuggling contraband to orchestrating crimes outside jail walls, several inmates continue their illegal pursuits even while behind bars. Determined to crack down on this shadow world, the state is now deploying artificial intelligence (AI) to tighten prison surveillance.
West Bengal has nearly 60 correctional facilities, ranging from district jails to central prisons. While most are equipped with CCTV coverage, authorities admit gaps remain.
“We cannot keep human eyes on every corner, every second. Even one moment of negligence can lead to chaos,” said a prison guard.
AI-powered cameras for real-time alerts
Unlike traditional cameras that merely record, AI-enabled systems will actively monitor movements and behaviour. “From inmate clashes and violent outbursts to escape attempts, the system will instantly alert guards, ensuring swift intervention,” said an officer at a central jail in Kolkata.
The system will also integrate biometric data—facial features, eye scans, handprints, and fingerprints of each inmate—to enable 24/7 tracking and prevent unauthorised movement.
Contraband detection inside cells
According to Correction Home officials, AI’s image-processing capabilities will help scan for prohibited items. “Whether it is mobile phones, narcotics, or hidden weapons, the system will flag them. It will also track unusual gatherings or covert exchanges to uncover drug trafficking and secret networks inside jails,” said a senior officer.
The technology also brings a psychological dimension. By analysing body language, AI can identify signs of distress, agitation, or suicidal tendencies. “This will not only help avert unpleasant incidents but also enable timely rehabilitation,” noted an officer of Dum Dum jail.
Expert views
Cybersecurity expert Sandeep Sengupta explained, “If AI is trained to identify a person or object, the camera can track them continuously. The moment a danger signal appears, AI instantly alerts the admin. This proactive mechanism can avert major threats.”
Officials say the initiative marks a significant leap in prison administration. “CCTV gave us eyes. AI will give those eyes intelligence,” remarked a senior correctional officer.
By integrating AI-driven surveillance, the state hopes to dismantle criminal nexuses within prisons and restore correctional homes to their original purpose—discipline, security, and rehabilitation.