The United States has issued a six-point memorandum detailing the terms of a ceasefire between Israel and Lebanon, which commenced on April 16, 2026, at 5 p.m. ET. This 10-day ceasefire could potentially be extended if both parties agree and demonstrate progress in diplomatic negotiations. The memorandum aims to facilitate talks aimed at establishing a long-term peace arrangement between the two nations.

The agreement is framed as a goodwill gesture by Israel, intending to foster negotiations towards a permanent security and peace agreement. The document reinforces that while hostilities have ceased, Israel retains the right to take defensive actions against any planned or ongoing attacks during this period.

According to reports, Israel will not conduct offensive military operations against any targets within Lebanon, whether civilian or military, across land, air, or sea. The memorandum clearly expresses a commitment to maintaining Israel’s defensive posture, despite the temporary cessation of hostilities.

Conditions for Continuing the Ceasefire

The memorandum indicates that the continuation of the ceasefire is contingent upon progress in diplomatic efforts and the enforcement of internal security by Lebanon. There is an expectation that Lebanon will effectively demonstrate its capacity to uphold its sovereignty during this ceasefire period.

It is specified that the Lebanese government needs to take serious steps to curb militant activities, particularly those associated with Hezbollah and other non-state armed groups. This responsibility highlights the role of Lebanon in ensuring both its internal stability and its commitments under the ceasefire.

The statement asserts that from the commencement date, the Lebanese government will be expected to prevent any attacks or hostile activities against Israeli targets. This responsibility underscores the emphasis on Lebanon’s national forces maintaining exclusive authority over the nation’s sovereignty and national defence.

US Role and Regional Concerns

The memorandum underscores the ongoing role of the United States in facilitating direct dialogue between Israel and Lebanon. Both countries have requested US involvement in resolving outstanding issues, including the demarcation of the international land boundary, in hopes of reaching a comprehensive agreement that promotes lasting peace and security.

As the ceasefire comes into effect, Israel has made it clear that it will not withdraw its military forces from Lebanese territory. The Lebanese Parliament Speaker, Nabih Berri, has expressed caution regarding the immediate return of residents to their villages in southern Lebanon. He has cited safety concerns arising from the evolving situation in the region and has urged residents to remain vigilant.

Berri emphasised the importance of personal safety, advocating for patience among those displaced in the area. He advised them to delay their return until sufficient clarity is achieved about the situation on the ground, mirroring the terms stipulated in the ceasefire agreement.

This concern is particularly pertinent, given that southern Lebanon has been a site of sustained military action and bombardment over the past two years. Many residents from border areas have already been displaced, following evacuation advisories issued by Israeli military forces amid heightened conflict. The current ceasefire is, therefore, a critical step towards addressing immediate humanitarian needs while pursuing a longer-term resolution to the ongoing tensions.

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