The presence of contaminants, including heavy metals such as arsenic, has been reported in drinking water beyond prescribed limits in select isolated pockets of Assam, the Centre informed the Lok Sabha on Thursday.

Minister of State for Jal Shakti Raj Bhushan Choudhary shared the information in a written reply to questions raised by Congress MP Gaurav Gogoi regarding reports of arsenic contamination in groundwater in parts of the state.

According to the minister, data from the Central Ground Water Board (CGWB) indicates that groundwater in Assam is largely potable. However, he acknowledged that certain localised areas have recorded contamination exceeding prescribed drinking water standards.

Choudhary said, “Localised occurrences of certain contaminants, including heavy metals like arsenic, beyond the limits prescribed for drinking water use have been reported in some isolated pockets.”

Health risks and need for further studies

The minister cautioned that long-term consumption of groundwater containing arsenic above permissible limits could lead to adverse health effects. However, he added that more detailed studies are needed to establish a clear link between arsenic contamination and specific diseases in Assam.

“Though consumption of groundwater for drinking purposes containing arsenic above the permissible limits over a sustained period may cause adverse health effects, further detailed studies are required to establish a clear linkage between arsenic contamination in groundwater and diseases in Assam,” he said.

Choudhary explained that the CGWB, under the Jal Shakti Ministry, conducts groundwater quality monitoring and scientific studies across the country using approved standard operating procedures.

He also noted that arsenic contamination is primarily geogenic in nature, originating from soil and rock formations. These elements can dissolve into groundwater and eventually enter the food chain.

Groundwater management primarily a state responsibility

The minister emphasised that water is a state subject, and the responsibility for groundwater management, including measures to improve quality and control contamination, lies mainly with state governments.

He added that the Centre supports states through technical assistance and financial aid under various schemes and projects aimed at improving water quality and access.

The statement comes amid ongoing concerns over groundwater safety in several parts of the country, including regions where arsenic contamination has been reported.

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