An AIIMS expert has highlighted that the generic version of semaglutide has been launched in India, offering significant cost savings compared to existing branded products. Dr. Nikhil Tandon, a professor and head of the Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism at AIIMS, emphasized the importance of using such medications responsibly. He expressed concern that users may overlook potential side effects, noting, “These are serious medicines for a serious problem.” The introduction of generic GLP-1 medications comes after patent expirations, prompting pharmaceutical companies in India to provide more affordable options for treating type 2 diabetes and obesity.

Statistics Show Rising Obesity Rates

According to the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5) conducted between 2019 and 2021, approximately 24 percent of women and 23 percent of men in India are classified as overweight or obese. This trend has contributed to an increased interest in GLP-1 drugs as potential weight loss solutions. Dr. Tandon reiterated that effective weight management should incorporate lifestyle changes such as improved diet and regular physical activity. He noted that if weight loss goals are not met despite these changes, consultation with a healthcare professional is advisable.

Importance of Lifestyle Changes in Weight Management

Dr. Tandon outlined that initial efforts to combat obesity should prioritize healthy lifestyle modifications. He stated, “The first and foremost step towards it is physical activities and diet.” Medications aimed at weight control are to be used in conjunction with diet and exercise. He cautioned against relying solely on medication for weight loss, highlighting that prior weight loss drugs had been withdrawn due to adverse effects. Any medication prescribed must demonstrate that its benefits outweigh potential risks.

GLP-1 Drugs: Evolving Applications and Monitoring

Initially developed for managing diabetes, GLP-1 medications were later discovered to aid in weight reduction. Dr. V. Mohan, a well-known diabetologist and chairman of Dr. Mohan’s Diabetes Specialities Centre, emphasized the need for vigilant monitoring of these medications. He acknowledged the effectiveness of GLP-1 drugs while cautioning that side effects can occur, indicating that more comprehensive data specific to the Indian context is necessary. “While they are very effective and fairly safe, side effects can occur,” he stated, urging the need for healthcare professionals to oversee their administration.

Prescription Guidelines and Regulatory Measures

Dr. Mohan further advocated for qualified doctors to prescribe these medications to ensure patient safety and accessibility. He pointed out that high-quality monitoring is crucial for the effective use of these powerful drugs, which can have side effects for some patients. In line with this, the Central Drugs Standard Control Organisation (CDSCO) has recently issued an advisory urging pharmaceutical companies to refrain from marketing prescription weight-loss medications to the general public. Medical professionals stress the importance of adhering to this guidance to ensure public safety.

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