Colorectal cancer ranks among the top five most prevalent cancers in India, as per the Global Cancer Observatory operated by the World Health Organization’s International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). The country reports approximately 65,000 new cases and over 38,000 fatalities attributed to this cancer each year. March is recognized as Colorectal Cancer Awareness Month. Globally, it is the third most commonly diagnosed type of cancer.

Survey Reveals Alarming Trends

A nationwide survey uncovered troubling patterns related to colorectal cancer. Notably, there is a rise in cases among younger individuals, largely due to a lack of knowledge regarding early warning signs such as blood in stool, changes in bowel habits, and persistent digestive discomfort. Contributing factors to the increasing incidence include unhealthy dietary choices, rising obesity rates, poor understanding of gut health, and lifestyle changes.

Insights from Medical Experts

Experts emphasize the importance of early screening in preventing the progression of colorectal cancer. Understanding the progression from healthy colon tissue to polyps and eventually to cancer underscores the need for regular screenings.

Key Findings from the Survey

Over 10,000 individuals aged 25 and older were surveyed across 14 locations in India. The results revealed that approximately 82 percent of respondents were unaware that blood in stool could indicate colorectal cancer. More than half of those surveyed did not engage in regular exercise, and 30 percent reported consuming outside or packaged food daily. Many individuals also tended to overlook gastric issues. Around 44.6 percent self-medicated, while 43.9 percent utilized home remedies, with only 11.5 percent consulting a doctor for gastric problems.

Reasons for Delayed Medical Consultation

Among those surveyed, the primary reason for not seeking medical help was a lack of time (30.6 percent), followed by fear (27.1 percent) and feelings of embarrassment (23.8 percent). Approximately 18 percent of respondents felt their issues were not serious enough to warrant a doctor’s visit. A significant portion relied on over-the-counter medications for weeks when experiencing changes in bowel habits. Less than 15 percent sought a medical consultation, highlighting a troubling trend of self-medication despite over 61 percent reporting issues with irregular bowel movements.

Lifestyle Choices and Health Risks

While more than half of the participants reported abstaining from tobacco usage, around 35 percent still indulged in these detrimental habits. Preventive measures for colorectal cancer include colonoscopies recommended for individuals over the age of 45. Other tests, such as regular blood and stool tests, can also indicate possible concerns. If markers related to anemia, carcinoembryonic antigen, or blood in stool are detected, a colonoscopy may be advised. Increased screening frequency is recommended for individuals with a family history of colorectal cancer.

Encouraging Preventive Health Measures

Adopting a healthier lifestyle and making better dietary choices can significantly reduce the risk of colorectal cancer. Individuals should be vigilant for symptoms like unexplained weight loss, rectal bleeding, and prolonged changes in bowel habits, and seek medical advice if these warning signs persist. Experts noted that many individuals are hesitant to undergo colonoscopies due to misconceptions and a lack of awareness. Efforts to enhance awareness can help encourage adults, particularly those above 40 years, to prioritize screenings and maintain healthier lifestyles that contribute to colon health.

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