The recent border discussions between India and China were described as constructive and forward-looking, following the 35th meeting of the Working Mechanism for Consultation & Coordination on India-China Border Affairs (WMCC) held in Beijing. This meeting took place on Wednesday, and was led by Indian Joint Secretary for East Asia, Sujit Ghosh, and Director General Hou Yanqi from the Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

During this session, both delegations reviewed the current situation along the border, acknowledging the progress made in maintaining peace and tranquillity. The Indian and Chinese representatives both expressed satisfaction with the stability achieved, which they believe facilitates the gradual normalisation of their bilateral relationship.

Key Topics and Agreements Discussed

The border talks covered several key issues, including border management, delimitation, mechanism building, and cooperation across borders. The Indian delegation placed particular emphasis on the need for an early convening of the Expert Level Mechanism concerning transboundary rivers. This focus highlights the importance of water resource management in the context of India-China relations.

Additionally, both sides affirmed their commitment to maintaining regular diplomatic and military communications through existing channels. These meetings will build on the outcomes established during the 24th meeting of the Special Representatives, allowing for continued dialogue and collaboration between the two nations.

Preparations were also discussed regarding the upcoming meeting of Special Representatives, anticipated to occur in China. Both delegations indicated a commitment to substantive preparations to ensure that this future meeting is productive.

Engagement Beyond the Talks

In conjunction with the border discussions, Sujit Ghosh engaged with Liu Jinsong, Director General of the Department of Asian Affairs in the Chinese Foreign Ministry, and made a courtesy visit to Assistant Foreign Minister Hong Lei. Officials from both sides highlighted the significance of ongoing engagement to ensure stability in border areas and to foster broader bilateral dialogue.

On May 19, 2023, the Consul General of China in Kolkata, Xu Wei, commented on the improving relationship between India and China, noting advancements in bilateral trade and personal interactions. He remarked that under the strategic direction of the leaders from both nations, relations were moving positively, especially in terms of trade volumes recorded in the previous year.

Xu Wei also encouraged Indian businesses to visit China and explore opportunities for cooperation. Efforts are being made to streamline the visa process, with additional staff added to assist applicants. The Consulate aims to support all requests from those looking to travel to China.

Recent Measures to Strengthen Bilateral Relations

In recent weeks, both nations have undertaken measures to strengthen their relationship following prolonged tensions. Prime Minister Modi has approved modifications to the guidelines regarding investments from countries sharing land borders with India, including China. The Cabinet’s decision on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) policy aims to create a clearer timeline for investments in critical sectors.

These policy amendments are designed to attract more FDI flows from global investments, particularly benefiting startups and deep-tech initiatives. Moreover, improving the ease of doing business remains a priority for the Indian government.

Direct flights between India and China, previously suspended due to the COVID-19 pandemic and earlier diplomatic disputes, have also resumed. These steps illustrate both countries’ intent to move towards a more cooperative and mutually beneficial relationship in the near future.

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