The Allahabad High Court’s Lucknow bench has raised alarms regarding the insufficient number of forensic science laboratories in Uttar Pradesh. The court highlighted that the state’s current forensic infrastructure is inadequate given its large population and geographical expanse. According to reports the state is equipped with only one state Forensic Science Laboratory and twelve regional forensic laboratories, which are deemed insufficient for effective forensic analysis.

During the proceedings, a division bench consisting of Justices Rajesh Singh Chauhan and Ram Manohar Narayan Mishra directed the director of the Uttar Pradesh Forensic Science Laboratory to submit a comprehensive response within four weeks. This directive aims to address the pressing concerns regarding the laboratory’s capacity and operational efficiency in handling forensic cases.

The court’s observations came during the hearing of a public interest litigation initiated by advocate Piyush Gupta, which underscores the urgent need for improvements in the forensic examination process in the state.

Petition for Standard Operating Procedures

The petition filed by advocate Piyush Gupta seeks to compel the Uttar Pradesh government to establish and implement a standard operating procedure. This procedure would set maximum timelines for forensic examinations and the submission of reports once laboratories receive samples. The aim is to streamline the forensic process, ensuring timely justice for victims and their families.

Additionally, the petition calls for prioritising cases involving accused individuals who are currently in judicial custody. It also requests time-bound procedures for cases that fall under Section 193(2) of the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, which mandates that investigations into specific sexual offences be concluded within two months. This provision is crucial for expediting justice in sensitive cases.

The petitioner has further requested the establishment of a mechanism that would require the laboratory director to provide written justifications for any delays in report submissions that exceed the specified timelines. This measure aims to enhance accountability and transparency in the forensic examination process.

Impact of Delays on Justice

The petition argues that delays in obtaining forensic reports can significantly hinder trials involving undertrial prisoners and obstruct prosecution in serious crimes, including rape and murder. It asserts that prolonged waits for scientific evidence can exacerbate the suffering of victims and their families, ultimately delaying justice.

During the hearing, the petitioner referenced data concerning forensic laboratories in various states, which was included in a response from the Union Home Ministry to the Lok Sabha. This information underscores the disparities in forensic capabilities across the country and highlights the urgent need for reform in Uttar Pradesh.

The court has emphasised the necessity for a detailed response from the director of the state forensic laboratory as it deliberates on the petition. The focus remains on establishing fixed timelines, prioritising case processing, and implementing regular monitoring of forensic examinations to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of the forensic system in Uttar Pradesh.

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