National Security Advisor Ajit Doval stated that the improvement in India-China relations is closely linked to the maintenance of peace and tranquillity in border areas. This remark came during the 25th round of Special Representatives talks held in Beijing with Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi. Both officials reiterated the importance of bilateral cooperation, following guidance from Prime Minister Narendra Modi and President Xi Jinping to enhance relations between the two nations.

Doval expressed optimism during his opening statements, highlighting the significance of these discussions, particularly in light of the upcoming BRICS summit in New Delhi. Although China’s participation has not been officially confirmed, President Xi is expected to attend, which might provide a platform for further dialogue with Modi.

In referencing previous meetings, Doval underscored that both leaders have articulated a clear and constructive direction for improving ties. He specifically noted the returning normalcy in relations post the four-year stand-off in eastern Ladakh, emphasising that this was achieved through mutual efforts to maintain peace along the contested border, particularly in regions like Arunachal Pradesh, which China refers to as South Tibet.

Progress in People-to-People Connections

During the talks, Doval also focused on advancements in people-to-people relations, marking the successful conduct of the Kailash Manasarovar Yatra through Nathu La and the resumption of traditional border trade via all three passes. These initiatives have reportedly delivered concrete benefits to local communities residing in border regions, fostering goodwill and cooperation.

Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi echoed Doval’s sentiments, emphasizing the necessity for enhanced communication and mutual trust. He stressed that overcoming difficulties and disturbances between the two countries is essential for developing a solid friendship and effective partnership. Wang articulated the need for ongoing dialogue to tackle shared issues, aiming to not just maintain peace at the border but also invigorate the bilateral relationship.

During the discussions, Wang also noted that regular communications between diplomatic and military channels have been maintained regarding boundary matters. He described his talks with Doval as “very in-depth and candid” and expressed hope for reaching a new consensus that would facilitate further collaboration.

Historical Context and Future Prospects

Doval and Wang’s roles as designated Special Representatives aim to comprehensively address the India-China boundary dispute, which spans approximately 3,488 kilometers. Although past negotiations have not conclusively resolved the issue, both parties recognize the mechanism as a valuable avenue for managing ongoing tensions.

Ahead of the current talks, Doval met with Chinese Vice President Han, discussing strategies to bolster peace in border regions and strengthen ties across various platforms. The Indian Embassy reported that they sought to align diplomatic efforts with the consensus established by both leaders regarding bilateral relations.

In light of the stability achieved following the 24th round of talks last August, the discussions on Tuesday reflected a commitment from both sides to uphold a peaceful border and cultivate broader engagement. They highlighted a mutual interest in addressing the unresolved boundary question while maintaining the overarching direction set by Modi and Xi for bilateral relations.

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