Italian Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni has reached a significant milestone, as her conservative government has become the longest-serving uninterrupted administration in Italy since World War II. On Thursday, she completed 1,413 days in office, surpassing the previous record held by the late Silvio Berlusconi, who governed from 2001 to 2005.

This achievement is particularly notable in a political landscape known for frequent changes in leadership, bolstering Meloni’s argument for stability as the country approaches its next election, scheduled for the end of 2027.

Political Landscape Ahead of the Election

As Meloni prepares to commemorate this landmark with a pre-election rally in Bari on Friday, the focus shifts from her ability to govern to her administration’s performance and accomplishments. Analysts suggest that entering the election with insufficient achievements may hinder her reelection prospects. Nathalie Tocci, an expert in international relations, emphasised the importance of demonstrating progress to voters after a five-year term.

Upon assuming office in October 2022, Meloni made history as the first female prime minister of Italy and led a government associated with neo-fascist origins, raising apprehensions among European allies and financial markets. Despite these concerns, her administration has adopted a pragmatic approach, maintaining consistent support for Ukraine amidst Russia’s invasion, collaborating effectively within European institutions, and exhibiting fiscal responsibility.

Meloni’s coalition, which she has kept intact since taking office, stands out in modern Italian politics, especially amidst the political turmoil faced by other European nations like the United Kingdom and France. Defence Minister Guido Crosetto acknowledged Meloni’s commitment and work ethic, stating that her perseverance has enhanced her international credibility, whilst noting that domestic perceptions may differ.

Achievements Amidst Criticism

Supporters of Meloni’s government point to advances such as tighter public finances, a reduction in costly measures, the creation of over one million jobs, and a decrease in unemployment rates, which have dipped below 6 per cent. Meloni has claimed that her government achieved 1.2 million stable jobs and historic lows in overall and youth unemployment, framing her administration’s strategy as a focus on empowering wealth and job creators.

Critics, however, argue that many of Italy’s long-standing issues, including low productivity, demographic decline, and inefficiencies in sectors such as healthcare and education, remain largely unaddressed. Political analyst Lorenzo Pregliasco remarked on the stability of Meloni’s government, while contending that it has not succeeded in enacting significant structural reforms. Furthermore, opposition figures express concern over rising living costs, suggesting that while the government celebrates its own success, many Italians feel otherwise.

International Standing and Future Challenges

Some of Meloni’s most notable accomplishments are observed on the international stage. Experts suggest that Italy has improved its standing among European nations, moving away from its previous reputation as “Europe’s black sheep.” The transition from a nationalist outsider to a more accepted European leader has reassured investors and fellow European leaders alike.

This balancing act was recently evident during tensions with former US President Donald Trump, where Meloni publicly asserted Italy’s dignity while maintaining a diplomatic stance. As the Italian PM shifts towards the upcoming elections, she faces challenges from both within and outside her party.

Although some supporters appreciate her ability to govern responsibly while upholding democratic principles, there is pressure from the right, exemplified by retired General Roberto Vannacci, who has formed a new party appealing to a segment of conservative voters. Meloni not only seeks to solidify her current record but also aspires to achieve a full uninterrupted five-year term, a benchmark previously untouched during Berlusconi’s leadership.

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