The unusual stone-pelting ritual in Himachal Pradesh serves as a distinctive way to celebrate Diwali, differing significantly from the typical festivities observed across India. This event, known as ‘Pathar Mela’ or ‘Patharon Ka Khel’, took place on Monday, a day after Diwali, in Halog village, located in the Dhami region near Shimla. Hundreds gathered to witness this centuries-old tradition, which reportedly dates back 300 to 400 years.

During the event, two groups engage in throwing stones at one another, with the ritual concluding only when a participant is injured and blood is drawn. This blood is then used to perform a ceremonial tilak on Goddess Bhadrakali, following local religious customs. The origins of this practice are intertwined with the history of the erstwhile princely state of Dhami and its royal lineage.

Historical Context and Significance

The stone-pelting tradition is believed to have emerged as a substitute for human sacrifice, which was allegedly practised in the past to appease the goddess. According to local folklore, a queen from Dhami sought to abolish the practice of human sacrifice and introduced the stone-throwing ritual as a less severe alternative. The blood drawn from an injured participant would be offered to the goddess instead.

The Shimla district administration’s official website corroborates this historical belief, noting that human sacrifices were once made to Goddess Kali at the very site where the event is held today. While the narrative surrounding the queen and the transition to the current ritual is based on local legends, it lacks independently verified historical evidence.

Two groups, known as Jamogi and Katedu, participate in the stone-pelting tradition. The Katedu group is linked to the Dhami royal family and includes individuals from various local villages. In contrast, the Jamogi group comprises residents from different areas, such as Jamogi, Janiya, and Kothi. The ceremony begins with traditional prayers, and participants take their positions before the stone-throwing commences.

Details of the Recent Pathar Mela

The recent Pathar Mela unfolded over approximately 25 minutes, culminating when Mahesh Verma from the Jamogi group sustained an injury to his cheek. His blood was subsequently used for the tilak ceremony at the Goddess Bhadrakali temple. Following the ritual, Verma received primary medical treatment, as reported. Thousands attended the event, highlighting its significance within the community.

The conclusion of the ritual is considered crucial as the drawing of blood meets the traditional religious requirement. Once the tilak ceremony is completed, the stone-pelting ceases, marking the end of this unique observance.

After the stone-pelting ritual, the atmosphere shifts dramatically. Traditional music, drums, and dancing commence, fostering a sense of community among participants, villagers, and visitors. This fair not only serves a religious purpose but also acts as a gathering point for people from neighbouring villages and beyond, preserving a tradition that has been handed down through generations.

Safety Concerns and Community Response

Despite its cultural and religious importance, the ritual has raised concerns regarding participant safety and the use of blood in religious practices. In October 2014, more than a dozen individuals were reported injured during the Pathar Mela, with one person sustaining a serious injury. The district administration has made efforts to ensure safety during the event.

Participants and organisers have defended the tradition, asserting its significance to their faith. In a statement from 2025, an injured participant expressed that the mela is a symbol of their belief, indicating a willingness to endure injury to uphold this cultural legacy. The Pathar Mela continues to be a focal point of local identity and tradition.

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