External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar has called for text-based negotiations to advance reforms at the United Nations, highlighting rising global frustration over the slow progress in institutional changes. At a ministerial event held during the 81st session of the UN General Assembly on September 25, he expressed concerns that those opposing reform are exploiting the UN instead of facilitating necessary changes.

The session, titled ‘Ruptures & Ramparts: Building Bridges for a Changing World,’ was organised by the Observer Research Foundation, Reliance Foundation, the UN in India, and India’s Permanent Mission to the UN. It featured participation from various international dignitaries, including foreign ministers from Jamaica, Suriname, and Ghana.

Jaishankar pointed out that the collective desire for reform is growing stronger, stating that procedural hurdles impede institutional progress. He emphasised the need for tangible discussions and accused current opponents of reform of delaying progress without genuine interest in the UN’s future.

Need for Majority-Based Decision Making

During his remarks, Jaishankar stated that achieving meaningful reform should not be based on achieving unanimous consent. He argued that democratic processes should govern discussions, emphasising that even within democratic nations, decisions are typically made through majority voting.

He suggested that for constructive dialogue on reforms, all viewpoints must be documented in a single text to facilitate effective negotiation. According to Jaishankar, merely discussing without a formal document leads to ineffective talks and only prolongs the status quo.

Jaishankar’s statement reflects an emphasis on constructive engagement, asserting that the key to UN reform lies in a clear, democratic approach that recognises the diversity of opinions while pushing for actionable change.

Emerging Collaborations Among Developing Nations

Jaishankar also noted a shift in the dynamics of the Global South, highlighting an increasing willingness among developing nations to work together and overcome historical dependencies. This newfound collaboration aims to foster a more equitable global environment.

He expressed optimism regarding the potential for these nations to champion reforms within international institutions, thereby creating a platform for a more democratic world order. He believes this trend will contribute positively to the overall governance dynamics within the UN.

Additionally, Jaishankar remarked on the significance of administrative leadership within the UN, particularly the concept of appointing a woman as Secretary-General. He clarified that this proposal is meant to arise organically rather than being imposed from above, signifying a shift towards more inclusive governance structures.

Support for Reforms from UN Leadership

These statements from Jaishankar align with broader calls for reforms articulated by UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres, who has advocated for an expansion of the Security Council to better reflect contemporary geopolitical realities. This alignment underscores a growing consensus on the urgency for institutional transformation.

India’s long-standing commitment to advocating structural modifications within the 15-member Security Council is further reinforced by its pursuit of a non-permanent seat for the 2028-29 term. The country’s efforts align with its broader goal of promoting a more balanced representation in international decision-making.

Jaishankar’s remarks highlight the critical juncture the UN finds itself in, as various nations push for a revitalised approach to global governance, ensuring that the institution can effectively address the challenges of the 21st century.

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