In a significant move for wildlife conservation, the West Bengal state forest department has launched a comprehensive census of the endangered red panda (Ailurus fulgens) in the mountain forests of Darjeeling and Kalimpong. This first large-scale population survey in seven years, which will begin in May, aims to provide an updated assessment of the elusive species listed under Schedule-I of India’s Wildlife Protection Act.
With the results of the census expected to shape future conservation measures, this initiative represents a critical step in securing the future of one of the world’s most beloved yet vulnerable species.
Darjeeling: A Global Leader in Red Panda Conservation
Darjeeling, long celebrated for its red panda conservation initiatives, is home to one of India’s premier breeding programs. The Red Panda Conservation and Breeding Centre at the Darjeeling Zoo has earned international recognition, ranking among the top three conservation facilities at the 79th Annual Conference of the World Association of Zoos and Aquariums (WAZA) held in Sydney, Australia.
To enhance genetic diversity in captive populations, breeding pairs have been introduced from countries such as Germany, the Netherlands, and Australia. These efforts have yielded significant success, with 12 red pandas successfully reintroduced into the wild from the Topkedara Red Panda Breeding Centre.
State forest minister Birbaha Hansda praised Darjeeling’s global reputation, stating:
“Darjeeling has become a beacon in red panda conservation. The state government, under the leadership of Chief Minister Mamata Banerjee, remains committed to preserving endangered species like the red panda. This census is essential to evaluate their current population and habitat viability.”
Cutting-edge methods for accurate data and conservation challenges
Bhaskar JV, Chief Wildlife Officer of North Bengal, confirmed that preparatory work for the census had been underway since early May. The study will combine direct sightings with advanced non-invasive techniques, including DNA analysis from fecal and urine samples.
“Subject to favorable weather conditions, the census will cover elevations ranging from 600 to 7,500 feet, spanning Neora Valley National Park to the alpine terrains of Singalila National Sanctuary,” he said.
The red panda, known for its shy and solitary nature, inhabits high-altitude temperate forests in the Eastern Himalayas. In West Bengal, its primary habitat includes Neora Valley National Park and Singalila National Sanctuary, with its range extending into Sikkim and Nepal.
However, the species faces multiple threats, including Deforestation and habitat fragmentation, climate change impacting their specialised ecosystem an illegal wildlife trade and poaching
The 2019 census recorded 35 red pandas in Neora Valley Sanctuary and 31 in Singalila National Sanctuary. Given the species’ classification as Endangered by the IUCN and its Schedule I protection status in India since 2003, this renewed survey is crucial to ensuring its long-term survival.
As the West Bengal forest department embarks on this vital ecological initiative, conservationists hope the findings will guide policy decisions for habitat protection, strengthen wildlife conservation strategies and encourage international collaboration for red panda survival.
